Technical notes about GSE Turbo family engines

With more fuel economy, better performance, and less CO2 emissions, the new GSE Turbo family that starts to be produced at the Betim plant is composed of T3 (1.0l) and T4 (1.3l) engines, both available in flex and gasoline. In the gasoline version, the 4-cylinder engine and valve train 4V MultiAir III 1.3 (displacement of 1,332 cm³) have a power of 180 hp, torque of 270Nm, and a compression ratio of 10.5:1.

The GSE engines feature Stellantis' MultiAir technology, already present in other engines of excellent performance. The electro-hydraulic system allows completely flexible control of the duration and elevation of the intake valves, in addition to the control of the engine load without generating pumping losses and contributing to reducing the fuel consumption of the engine in low and medium load operations.

The new generation MultiAir III, present in the GSE family, has even more flexible valve control. The new cam profile with pre-lift allows the opening of the suction valves during the exhaust phase, aiming at the realization of the internal EGR, with reduction of nitrogen oxides and increase of the efficiency of the engine in the partial load. Besides, the lifting profile of the MultiAir III intake valve is more extensive and makes it possible to manage the effective compression ratio of the engine, keeping the tendency to detonation under control (regardless of the fuel used). This occurs with the control of the closing delay of the suction valve, which reduces the pressure and temperature in the combustion chamber, controlling the detonation without compromising the ignition advance. Thus, as a result, more fuel efficiency is achieved under high load conditions, when vehicle performance is desired.

The engines of the GSE family also have an advanced supercharging system. The low inertia turbocharger and reduced air volume between the compressor and the intake manifold lead to a faster propeller response. The integrated exhaust manifold reduces turbo lag and engine and catalyst warm-up time, favoring response time and lower fuel consumption, along with a quick response to emission control. With an electronic waste gate valve, the thrusters also work with refined supercharging control, ensuring more reliability and improved handling.

Equipped with an innovative combustion system for small unit engines, the 1.0 and 1.3 GSE engines use direct fuel injection. This is a fundamental item in turbo engines because it reduces the temperature of the mixture inside the combustion chamber, decreasing the tendency to detonation and, therefore, increasing the burning efficiency with less fuel consumption and better performance.

Another highlight of the system is the angle of the fuel injectors. Positioned almost vertically at 23 degrees, it reduces emissions thanks to less contact between the spray and the cylinder wall. In addition to favoring the formation of mixtures, this feature avoids compromising the lubricating oil film in the cylinder liner. The direction and type of the spray, combined with the high turbulence flow created by the optimized design of the head suction ducts (two separated by cylinder), provide excellent combustion speed and stability.

With world-class quality, the engines of the GSE family have technologies to reduce engine warm-up time, reducing gas emissions and fuel consumption, especially in urban use (short trips). The aluminum block, in addition to reducing the weight of the propellant, heats up faster due to the lower resistance to heat conduction. The oil heat exchanger helps to reduce the engine's heating time, transferring heat from the water - which heats up faster - to the oil, which, reaching the ideal temperature, reduces the engine's friction. On the other hand, the exchanger also prevents the oil from overheating, which brings reliability to the set.

Another technical characteristic with the same purpose is the electric thermostat, controlled by the control unit, which makes the engine reach and maintains its ideal operating temperature with more speed and precision. Finally, the silent distribution chain and “for life”, reduces noise and increases the reliability of the propeller as it does not require any type of maintenance.